Romerriket – keisere
Enkelte medkeisere er utelatt
| 27 f.Kr.–14 e. Kr. | Augustus |
| 14–37 | Tiberius |
| 37–41 | Caligula |
| 41–54 | Claudius (1) |
| 54–68 | Nero |
| 68–69 | Galba |
| 69 | Otho |
| 69 | Vitellius |
| 69–79 | Vespasian(us) |
| 79–81 | Titus |
| 81–96 | Domitian(us) |
| 96–98 | Nerva |
| 98–117 | Trajan(us) |
| 117–138 | Hadrian(us) |
| 138–161 | Antoninus Pius |
| 161–180 | Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (Mark Aurel) |
| 180–192 | Commodus |
| 193 | Pertinax |
| 193 | Didius Julianus |
| 193–211 | Septimius Severus |
| 211–217 | Caracalla |
| 211–212 | Geta |
| 217–218 | Macrinus |
| 218–222 | Heliogabal(us) |
| 222–235 | Alexander Severus |
| 235–238 | Maximinus Thrax |
| 238 | Gordian(us) 11 |
| 238–244 | Gordian(us) 3 |
| 244–249 | Filippus |
| 249–251 | Decius |
| 251–253 | Gallus |
| 253 | Aemilian(us) |
| 253–259/60 | Valerian(us) |
| 259/60–268 | Gallienus |
| 268–270 | Claudius (2) Gothicus |
| 270–275 | Aurelian(us) |
| 275–276 | Tacitus |
| 276 | Florian(us) |
| 276–282 | Probus |
| 282–283 | Carus |
| 283–285 | Carinus |
| 284–305 | Diokletian (Diocletianus) |
| 286–308 | Maximian(us) |
| 305–306 | Constantius 1 Chlorus |
| 305–311 | Galerius |
| 306–307 | Severus |
| 310–313 | Maximinus |
| 306–312 | Maxentius |
| 308–324 | Licinius |
| 306–337 | Konstantin den store2 |
| 337–340 | Konstantin 2 |
| 337–350 | Constans |
| 337–361 | Constantius 23 |
| 361–363 | Julian(us) «Apostata» (den frafalne) |
| 363–364 | Jovian(us) |
| 364–375 | Valentinian(us) (1) (Vest-riket) |
| 364–378 | Valens (Øst-riket) |
| 367–383 | Gratian(us) |
| 375–392 | Valentian(us) (2) |
| 383–395 | Theodosius den store |
| Vestromerske keisere etter riksdelingen | |
| 395–423 | Honorius |
| 423–425 | Johannes |
| 425–455 | Valentian(us) 3 |
| 455 | Petronius Maximus |
| 455–456 | Avitus |
| 457–461 | Majorian(us) |
| 461–465 | Libius Severus |
| 465–467 | (interregnum) |
| 467–472 | Anthemius |
| 472 | Olybrius |
| 473 | Glycerius |
| 473–475 | Julius Nepos |
| 475–476 | Romulus Augustulus |
Østromerske keisere etter riksdelingen, se bysantinske rike
1) Med Gordian(us) som medkeiser
2) Enehersker fra 324
3) Enehersker fra 351